| 宜城教育资源网www.ychedu.com 一般过去式用法
· 1.一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。
· 2.一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情。句式:主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它。
· 3.一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,,句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时,取决于动作是否对现在有影响。
· 4.带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。
· 5.表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
· 6.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。
· 7.如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)。
· 8.有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。
· 一般过去时: 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 基本结构: 主语+动词过去式+其他; 否定形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词; 一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他。
· 一般过去时句法结构: 肯定形式 主语+动词过去式+其他 例句:She often came to help us in those days. 否定形式 ①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词 例句:I didn't know you like coffee 一般疑问句 ①Did+主语+do+其他? ②Was\Were+主语+表语? 例句:Did I do that? 用表格整理如下:
|
肯定式 |
疑问式 |
否定式 |
疑问否定式 |
|
Iworked |
Did I work? |
I did not work |
Did I not work? |
|
He(She,It) worked |
Did he(she,it) work? |
He(she,it) did not work |
Did he(she,it) notwork? |
|
We worked |
Did we work? |
We did not work |
Did we not work? |
|
You worked |
Did you work? |
You did not work |
Did you not work? |
|
They worked |
Did they work? |
They did not work |
Did they not work? |
· 记忆口诀: 一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单,didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!
一般过去时中动词过去式变化规则:
|
词 |
构成 |
举例 |
|
一般情况 |
词尾+ed |
动词原形 |
过去式和过去分词 |
|
look talk |
looked talked |
|
以不发音字母e结尾 |
词尾+d |
like arrive |
liked arrived |
|
以“辅以字母+y”结尾 |
变y为i,再加ed |
fly study |
flied studied |
|
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母 |
双写词尾+ed |
stop plan |
stopped planned |
· 结构句型: 1.一般句子 I watched TV last night. 2.一般疑问句 Did you watch TV last night? 3.there be 句型 There was an apple on the table last night. Was there an apple on the table last night
· 一般过去时注意事项: 1.注意主句与从句中时态的一致性 如果主句用了过去时,从句中一般也要用过去式,或者过去进行时、过去完成时等。例如: He believed that he was right. 他相信自己是对的。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。 I thought they were with you. 我以为他们和你在一起。
2.在口语中, 一般过去时并不一定指真正的过去,而只是表示一种礼貌性语气。例如: I wondered (wonder) if you could do me a favor. 不知你可否帮我一个忙。 I wanted (want) to ask if I could borrow your car. 我想问问可否借用你的车。 I hoped (hope) you could (can) give me some advice. 我希望你能帮我出点主意。 Did (Do) you want to see me? 你想见我吗?
3.used to used to 是一个词组,表示“过去曾经是……而现在已经停止了”的动作。例如: I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。(而现在不这样了) I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。(而现在不在早晨散步了)
· 一般过去时三变技巧: 一变:肯定句变为否定句 技巧1.当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如: I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket. 技巧2.当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如: I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me. 技巧3.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如: The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.
二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句 技巧1.移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如: He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself? 技巧2.添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如: Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?
三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句 技巧1.确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如: They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert? 技巧2.辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如: The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?
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