| 宜城教育资源网www.ychedu.com 英语从属连词的作用与用法
· 1.引导名词性从句的从属连词有 that, whether, if 等,它们在句中均不能充当任何句子成分,其中 that 没有词义,仅起引导从句的作用;whether / if 有词义,两者均表示“是否”。
· 2.引导状语从句的从属连词比较多,同时状语从句根据其意义的不同,可以有很多种类型,所以引导状语从句的从属连词用法也比较复杂,如表示时间的状语从句叫时间状语从句,它可以由 when, while, as, before, after, as soon as, since, until 等;表示条件的状语从句叫条件状语从句,它通常由 if, unless 等来引导;表示原因的状语从句叫条件状语从句,它通常由 because, as 等来引导,等等。
· 3.after在此引导的是时间状语从句,它表示“在……之后”。按英语语法,当时间状语从句含有将来意义时,习惯上要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态,所以句中的 you take the pills 不能改为 you will take the pills。
· 从属连词: 这种连词是用以引导名词性从句定语从句和状语从句的,由从属连词所引导的句子叫从句,而含有从句的句子叫作复合句。
· 从属连词可分为三大类: 1、that (无词义,不做成分) if,whether (表达是否的意义,但不做句子成分) 2、连接代词:who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever, whoever, whichever(有词义,在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语) 3、连接副词:when,where,why,how,how many,how long,how far,however,whenever,wherever (有词义,作从句的状语)
用法: 从结构上说,英语连接词分两大类:并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例如: (1) Air and water are indispensable to me. (2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games. (3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如: (4) He said that he did not want to go . (5) Many things have happened since I last saw him. (6) You may come if you want to.
从属连词用来连接各种从句。 until(till)直到,在用until表达时间状语的句子中,主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择的。 如动词是持续行动词,它要用肯定句,如: I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词,则要用否定句,如: He didn't go to bed until his mother came back. 由since,for,by,before, 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间,如: I have studied English since 1990. 而by引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间,如: I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term.
· 从属连词语法分类:
|
种类 |
语法作用 |
连词举例 |
|
从属连词 |
引导原因状语从句 |
Because, since |
|
引导条件状语从句 |
If, unless, as long as |
|
引导目的状语从句 |
So that |
|
引导结果状语从句 |
So…that |
|
引导方式状语从句 |
As, just as, as if |
|
引导让步状语从句 |
Though, although, even though, no matter what, however, no matter how, whoever, no matter who, wherever, no matter where |
|
引导比较状语从句 |
As…as, not so…as, than, less…than, the more…the more |
|
引导名词性从句 |
Who, whom, whose, which, that, when, where, why |
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